Skip to content

The Best camcorders battery chargers of 2023 – Reviewed and Top Rated

After hours researching and comparing all models on the market, we find out the Best camcorders battery chargers of 2023. Check our ranking below.

2,512 Reviews Scanned

Rank No. #1
GeeKam NP-40 Battery Pack, 1500mAh Rechargeable Battery(3-Pack) with USB Dual Charger for Video Camera Camcorders Compatible with Casio NP-40 (Not for Fujifilm NP40)
  • Camcorders NP-40 battery 3.7V 1500mAh. More batteries, more videos, triple the video camera life with a complete backup battery pack that includes three 1500mAh replacement batteries.
  • This NP-40 battery charger design is convenient to charge 2 batteries at the same time, saves charging time efficiently.The battery charger RED light shows that the battery is charging, BLUE light shows that the battery is full charged or no battery in charging.
  • We made a number mark on the top of the battery so that you can easily distinguish which battery is charged. This saves you the time to replace the battery of the Camcorder, so that you can take wonderful moments faster.
  • Package included: 3pcs 1500mAh Batteries, 1pcs USB Dual Charger, 1pcs USB Micro Cable. (Warm Tip: Please run out of all the battery power before charging for the first time)
  • Note: This NP-40 battery is not compatible with Fujifilm NP40.
Rank No. #2
Camcorder Video Digital Camera Travel Charger and 3.7V 2000mAh NP-FV5 Plus Li-ion Rechargeable Battery(NP-FV5 Plus Battery Charger)
  • 3.7V 2000mAh NP-FV5 Plus Li-ion Rechargeable Battery for Camera Camcorder.
  • Camcorder Video Digital Camera External Travel Charger.
Rank No. #3
CofunKool Video Camera Camcorder NP-FV5 Battery Charger for NP-FV5 Plus 3.7V 2000mAh Battery and NP-FV5 1000/1500mAh Battery
  • Travel Charger for FV5 Plus 3.7V 1000/1500/2000/2500mAh Battery charging
  • Suitable for partial camcorder HDV 604S, 2051LP, 514KM, 524KM, 2052, 2053 external battery charging
Rank No. #4
BM 2 NP-FV70 Batteries & Dual Charger for Sony FDR-AX700, PXW-Z90V, HXR-NX80, HDR-CX455 HDR-CX675, CX330, CX900, PJ340, PJ540, PJ670B, PJ810, FDR-AX33, FDR-AX53, FDR-AX100, NEX-VG10, VG20, VG30 VG900
  • NP-FV70 NPFV70 Li-ion Battery for Sony Handycam Camcorder
  • Battery Specifications - Energy Storage Capacity: 2540mAh /Voltage: 7.2 volts, WH: 18.3Wh - New fully decoded chip works just like the original.(gives time left and does not need a special charger)
  • Memory free for maximum performance - Absolutely no memory effect so that you can charge battery at anytime - Super Long Time Recording
  • 100% Safety Guarantee: Built with multiple circuit protection (over-charging, short-circuit, high-temperature, and surge protection), and high-quality, fire-resistant construction
  • Convenient Charging Method: Common micro-USB input and the ability to charge with a USB wall charger, car charger, or external battery gives you more options than a standard battery charger, and Charges 1, or 2 NP-FV70 batteries simultaneously and smart LED light turns to red when charging and green when complete. (Adapters and Power bank sold Separately)
Rank No. #5
Kastar Battery (X2) & Slim USB Charger for JVC BN-VF808, BN-VF808U, BNVF808 and JVC Everio GZ-MG130 148 150 155 175 255 275 575 GZ-HD7 GR-D745 746 750 760 770 771 775 790 796 JVC MiniDV + More
  • Kastar 2 pack high capacity batteries. Use high quality Japanese cells for longer battery life with no memory effect.
  • New smart slim USB charge design, easy to carry. Input: 5V 2A; Output: 4.2V/8.4V 600mA.
  • Can be powered by USB Wall & Auto Charger or a Computer, LED indicate: Red light for charging; Green light for standby or full-charge.
  • Compatible: JVC BN-VF808 BN-VF808U BN-VF815 BN-VF815U BN-VF823 BN-VF823U and JVC GR-D720 GR-D725 GR-D726 GR-D728 GR-D740 GR-D745 GR-D746 GR-D750 GR-D760 GR-D770 GR-D771 GR-D775 GR-D790 GR-D793 GR-D796 GR-D850 GR-D851 GR-D853 GR-D870 GR-D875 GR-DA30 GS-TD1 GY-HM70 GY-HM100 GY-HM100U GY-HM150 GY-HM170U GZ-HMZ1 GZ-MG130 GZ-MG131 GZ-MG132 GZ-MG133 GZ-MG134 GZ-MG135 GZ-MG148 GZ-MG150 GZ-MG155 GZ-MG157 GZ-MG175 GZ-MG177
  • Also Compatible: GZ-MG230 GZ-MG255 GZ-MG275 GZ-MG330 GZ-MG335 GZ-MG340 GZ-MG360 GZ-MG365 GZ-MG430 GZ-MG435 GZ-MG465 GZ-MG555 GZ-MG575 GZ-MG630 GZ-MG650 GZ-MG670 GZ-MG680 GZ-MG730 GZ-MS100 GZ-MS101GZ-MS120 GZ-MS130 GZ-D230 GZ-HD260 GZ-HD3 GZ-HD5 GZ-HD6 GZ-HD7 GZ-HD10 GZ-HD30 GZ-HD40 GZ-HD300 GZ-HD320 GZ-HM1 GZ-HM110 GZ-HM200 GZ-HM400 GZ-HM80 GZ-HM90 GZ-X900 GC-PX100 GC-P100 GC-PX1 GC-PX10 Camcorders
Rank No. #6
BM Premium VW-VBK180, VW-VBK360, VBT190, VBT380 USB Dual Battery Charger for Panasonic Camcorders
  • An Essential Accessory for Panasonic HC-V10, HC-V100, HC-V110, HC-V130, HC-V160, HC-V180, HC-V201, HC-V210, HC-V250, HC-V380, HC-V500, HC-V510, HC-V520, HC-V550, HC-V700, HC-V710, HC-V720, HC-V750, HC-V770, HC-V800K, HC-VX870, HC-VX1K, HC-VX981, HC-W580, HC-W850, HC-WXF1K, HC-WXF99 Camcorders
  • Dual USB Charger charges 1, or 2 batteries simultaneously from any USB power source. Memory free make this rechargeable lithium ion battery always can be charge at any time and always maximum performance. It built with multiple circuit protection (over-charging, short-circuit, high-temperature, and surge protection), and high-quality, fire-resistant construction.
  • Common micro-USB input allows to charge VBK, VBT Series batteries with a car charger, a USB wall charger, external battery, and you can also use a power bank to charge your camera battery on the go. These flexible charging options give you more choices than a standard battery charger. (Adapters and Power bank sold Separately)
  • Quick charge with automatic constant current control prevents battery from overcharging, short circuit, and electronic shock. Smart LED indicator shows charging status.
  • FULL ONE YEAR WARRANTY - BM Premium battery Chargers include a one-year warranty
Rank No. #7
Battery and Charger for ORDRO HDR-AC3 Camcorder, Included 2 NP-120 1700mAh Lithium Batteries, Compatible with ORDRO AC3 / AC5 / AZ50/AZ30 / V12 / V7plus Digital Video Camera
  • 1 x Battery Charger
  • 2 x NP-120 3V 1700mAh Lithium Battery
  • NP-120 battery for ORDRO HDR-AC3, HDR-AC5, HDR-AZ50, HDV-V12, HDV-V7 Plus Camcorders
Rank No. #8
BM BP809 BP819 BP820 BP827 BP828 Dual Bay Battery Charger for Canon Vixia HF G70 HF G50 HF G60 XA40 XA45 XA50 XA55 HF G21 HFG30 HFG40 HG21 XA10 XA11 XA15 XA20 XA25 XA60 XA65 XA70 XA75 XF400 XF405
  • An Essential Accessory for Canon BP808 BP809 BP819 BP820 BP827 BP828 Series Batteries
  • High quality battery charger is a handy companion for digital shooting.
  • Dual USB Charger charges 2 batteries simultaneously from any USB power source. Memory free make this rechargeable lithium ion battery always can be charge at any time and always maximum performance. It built with multiple circuit protection (over-charging, short-circuit, high-temperature, and surge protection), and high-quality, fire-resistant construction.
  • Common micro-USB input allows to charge BP-820/ BP-828 batteries with a car charger, a USB wall charger, external battery, and you can also use a power bank to charge your camera battery on the go. These flexible charging options give you more choices than a standard battery charger. (Adapters and Power bank sold Separately)
  • FULL ONE YEAR WARRANTY - BM Premium battery Chargers include a one-year warranty
Rank No. #9
BM 2 NP-FV70 Batteries and Charger Kit for Sony FDR-AX53 FDR-AX700 HDR-CX455/B HDR-CX675/B HDR-CX900 HDR-PJ340 HDR-PJ540 HDR-PJ670/B HDR-PJ810 FDR-AX33/B FDR-AX100 Handycam Camcorder
  • NP-FV70 NPFV70 Li-ion Battery for Sony Handycam Camcorder
  • Battery Specifications - Energy Storage Capacity: 2540mAh /Voltage: 7.2 volts, WH: 18.3Wh - New fully decoded chip works just like the original.(gives time left and does not need a special charger)
  • Memory free for maximum performance - Absolutely no memory effect so that you can charge battery at anytime - Super Long Time Recording
  • Battery has a one-year warranty - 100% Safety Guarantee: Built with multiple circuit protection (over-charging, short-circuit, high-temperature, and surge protection), and high-quality, fire-resistant construction
  • High quality battery charger is a handy companion for digital shooting. Charger is designed with a fold-able A/C plug that charges your camcorder battery anywhere in the world. - Quick charge with automatic constant current control prevents battery from overcharging, short circuit, and electronic shock. Smart LED indicator shows charging status.
Rank No. #10
CofunKool Camcorder Battery Charger Set, Digital Video Camera Travel Charger and NP-FV5 Plus 3.7V 2000mAh Rechargeable Lithium Battery, NP-FV5 Battery Charger
  • 100% Original NP-FV5 Plus 3.7V 2000mAh battery and charger
  • Camcorder charger for NP-FV5 3.7V 1000/1500mAh and NP-FV5 Plus 3.7V 2000mAh battery charging
  • Replacement NP-FV5 1000/1500mAh battery of video camera
  • You will get 1 charger,1 battery, and 1 cable
Rank No. #11
Kastar 1-Pack Battery and Smart USB Charger Replacement for JVC GR-SXM161US GR-SXM200 GR-SXM235U GR-SXM240U GR-SXM245U GR-SXM250US GR-SXM255 GR-SXM256 GR-SXM260 GR-SXM260U GR-SXM260US GR-SXM265
  • Battery Type: Ni-MH; Battery Voltage: 6.0V; Battery Capacity: 2100mAh.
  • Easy to carry, the Charger Input: 5V 2-3A; Output: 6.0V 800mA.
  • Intelligent LED USB charger displays charging status and battery capacity.
  • Multiple charging option, Micro-USB input and Type-C input, come with a Micro USB cable.
  • Package Includes: 1 Battery + 1 Charger
Rank No. #12
NP-FH50 Battery Charger for Sony NP-FP30, NP-FP40, NP-FP50, NP-FP60, NP-FP70, NP-FP90, NP-FH30, NP-FH40, NP-FH60, NP-FH70, NP-FH100, NP-FV30, NP-FV40, NP-FV50, NP-FV60, NP-FV70, NP-FV100, NP-FV120
  • Our np-fh50 charger is 100% new and compatible with original item. Please confirm the model of your battery or camera before purchasing, 12 months warranty.
  • This np-fp50 np-fh50 battery charger has LED indicator, charging is red, charging completed is green.
  • Prevent overvoltage, overcurrent and short circuit protection.
  • CE Safety Certification, All safety features integrated.
  • Easy to carry and use, Compatible with Sony NP-FP30, NP-FP40, NP-FP50, NP-FP60, NP-FP70, NP-FP90, NP-FH30, NP-FH40, NP-FH50, NP-FH60, NP-FH70, NP-FH100, NP-FV30, NP-FV40, NP-FV50, NP-FV60, NP-FV70, NP-FV100, NP-FV120
Rank No. #13
NP-FV50, FV70, FV100 Dual Battery Charger for Sony FDR-AX700, PXW-Z90V, HXR-NX80, HDR-CX455B, HDR-CX675B, CX560, CX900, PJ340, PJ540, PJ670B, PJ810, FDR-AX33, AX53, AX100, NEX-VG10, VG20, VG30, VG900
  • BC-TRV Replacement Battery Charger for NP-FV50, NP-FV70, NP-FV100 Batteries
  • Dual USB Charger charges 1, or 2 batteries simultaneously from any USB power source. Memory free make this rechargeable lithium ion battery always can be charge at any time and always maximum performance. It built with multiple circuit protection (over-charging, short-circuit, high-temperature, and surge protection), and high-quality, fire-resistant construction.
  • Quick charge with automatic constant current control prevents battery from overcharging, short circuit, and electronic shock. Smart LED indicator shows charging status.
  • Common micro-USB input allows to charge NP-FV50, NP-FV70, NP-FV100 batteries with a car charger, a USB wall charger, external battery, and you can also use a power bank to charge your camera battery on the go. These flexible charging options give you more choices than a standard battery charger. (Adapters and Power bank sold Separately)
  • FULL ONE YEAR WARRANTY - BM Premium battery Chargers include a one-year warranty
Rank No. #14
BM Premium BP-727 Battery and Charger for Canon Vixia HFR80, HFR82, HFR800, HFR30, HFR32, HFR300, HFR40, HFR42, HFR400, HFR50, HFR52, HFR500, HFR60, HFR62, HFR600, HFR70, HFR72, HFR700, HFM52, HFM500
  • BP-727 BP727 Li-ion Battery for Canon Vixia HF R80 HF R82 HF R800 HF R70 HF R72 HF R700 HFM50 HFM52 HFM500 HFR30 HFR32 HFR300 HFR40 HFR42 HFR400 HFR50 HFR52 HFR500 HFR60 HFR62 HFR600
  • Battery Specifications - Energy Storage Capacity: 30000mAh /Voltage: 3.6 volts /WH: 10.8Wh, Chemistry: Li-ion - New fully decoded chip works just like the original. (gives time left and does not need a special charger)
  • Memory free for maximum performance - Absolutely no memory effect so that you can charge battery at any time - Super Long Time Recording
  • 100% Safety Guarantee: Built with multiple circuit protection (over-charging, short-circuit, high-temperature, and surge protection), and high-quality, fire-resistant construction
  • FULL ONE YEAR WARRANTY - BM Premium Batteries and Chargers include a one-year warranty
Rank No. #15
Artman NP-F550 Battery 2-Pack and Wall Charger for Sony NP F550, F530, F970, F960, F770, F750, F330, CCD-SC55, TR516, TR716, TR818, TR910, TR917 Camera, CN-160, CN-216 LED Video Light (2600mAh)
  • 📸 【Flawless Compatibility As Sony F550 Battery】: Made to the exact specifications of Sony NP F970, F960, F770, F750, F570, F550, F530, F330, CCD-SC55, TR516, TR716, TR818, TR910, TR917, TR940 and more.
  • 📸 【More Batteries, More Photos With Sony NP-F530】: Double your camera runtime with a complete backup package including two 2600mAh replacement battery and a dual battery charger.
  • 📸 【Multiple Protection For Sony F970 Battery 】: Built with multiple circuit protection ( over-charging,over current, over voltage, short-circuit, high-temperature ).
  • 📸 【Direct Wall Charger】: This Artman NP-F550 NP-F970 battery charger is a wall charger. It can be charged directly into the jack, which is very direct and fast.
  • 🎁【Package Includes】: 2 x Artman NP-F550 NP-F970 Replacement Batteries, 1 x Wall Charger, and Service Card. To release out the full capacity of our battery, we suggest you do several discharge and charge cycles (such as 5 times). The capacity will increase to normal capacity.
Rank No. #16
LGM AC/DC Adapter for Sharp Viewcam VL-AH50U VL-AH60U VL-AH60 VL-AH130U VL-AH130 View Cam Hi8 LCD Camcorder Video Camera VLAH50U VLAH60U VLAH60 7VDC 7V - 7.5V Power Supply Cord Battery Charger
  • 30 days money back guarantee. 1 full year service warranty.
  • 100% Brand New, High Quality AC Wall Power Charger (non-OEM)
  • Input: 100V-240V AC; great for replacemnt or travel back up
  • Build in Dynamic IC, Charger IC & Power fuse for rapid charging and over charge protection
  • Tested Units. In Great Working Condition.
Rank No. #17
Kastar Battery (X2) & Slim LCD Charger for JVC BN-VF808, BN-VF808U, BNVF808 and JVC Everio GZ-MG130 148 150 155 175 255 275 575 GZ-HD7 GR-D745 746 750 760 770 771 775 790 796 JVC MiniDV + More
  • Kastar 2 pack high capacity batteries. Use high quality Japanese cells for longer battery life with no memory effect.
  • New smart LCD charge design, easy to carry. Input: 5V 2A; Output: 4.2V 600mA.
  • Intelligent LCD charger displays charging status and battery capacity.
  • Compatible: JVC BN-VF808 BN-VF808U BN-VF815 BN-VF815U BN-VF823 BN-VF823U and JVC GR-D720 GR-D725 GR-D726 GR-D728 GR-D740 GR-D745 GR-D746 GR-D750 GR-D760 GR-D770 GR-D771 GR-D775 GR-D790 GR-D793 GR-D796 GR-D850 GR-D851 GR-D853 GR-D870 GR-D875 GR-DA30 GS-TD1 GY-HM70 GY-HM100 GY-HM100U GY-HM150 GY-HM170U GZ-HMZ1 GZ-MG130 GZ-MG131 GZ-MG132 GZ-MG133 GZ-MG134 GZ-MG135 GZ-MG148 GZ-MG150 GZ-MG155 GZ-MG157 GZ-MG175 GZ-MG177
  • Also Compatible: GZ-MG230 GZ-MG255 GZ-MG275 GZ-MG330 GZ-MG335 GZ-MG340 GZ-MG360 GZ-MG365 GZ-MG430 GZ-MG435 GZ-MG465 GZ-MG555 GZ-MG575 GZ-MG630 GZ-MG650 GZ-MG670 GZ-MG680 GZ-MG730 GZ-MS100 GZ-MS101GZ-MS120 GZ-MS130 GZ-D230 GZ-HD260 GZ-HD3 GZ-HD5 GZ-HD6 GZ-HD7 GZ-HD10 GZ-HD30 GZ-HD40 GZ-HD300 GZ-HD320 GZ-HM1 GZ-HM110 GZ-HM200 GZ-HM400 GZ-HM80 GZ-HM90 GZ-X900 GC-PX100 GC-P100 GC-PX1 GC-PX10 Camcorders
Rank No. #18
BP-727 Battery Charger for Canon BP-709, BP-718, BP-745, Vixia HF R300, HF M500, HF R30, HF M52, HF R32, HF R40, HF R42, HF R400
  • Our BP-727 charger is 100% new and compatible with original item. Please confirm the model of your battery or camera before purchasing, 12 months warranty.
  • This BP-727 battery charger has LED indicator, charging is red, charging completed is green.
  • Prevent overvoltage, overcurrent and short circuit protection.
  • CE Safety Certification, All safety features integrated.
  • Easy to use, Compatible with Canon BP-709 BP-718, BP-745, Vixia HF R300, HF M500, HF R30, HF M52, HF R32, HF R40, HF R42, HF R400
Rank No. #19
Artman NP-F550 Battery and Dual USB Charger for Sony NP F550, F570, F530, F330, F970, F960, F750, F770, CCD-SC55, TR516, TR716, TR818, TR910 (2-Pack 2900mAh)
  • 📸 【Flawless Compatibility As Sony Battery】: Made to the exact specifications of Sony NP F970, F550, F570, F530, F330, F770, F750, F960, CCD-SC55, TR516, TR716, TR818, TR910, TR917, TR940 and more
  • 📸 【More Batteries, More Photos For Sony NP-F550 Battery】: Double your camera runtime with a complete backup package including two 2900mAh replacement battery and a dual battery charger.
  • 🔋【【Multiple Protection for Sony NP-F550 Battery】Tested and validated by manufacturer to match specifications of OEM products Sony F570 Battery. Built-in multiple protection (short-circuit, over-charge, over-voltage, over-current , high-temperature) with a high-quality, fire-resistant construction can help to avoid security problem effectively.
  • 📸 【3 Ways to Charge With Sony Camera Battery 】: Features wall, car, and power bank charging - all three chargers sold separately; charge inside the camera or with a 2A input charger for optimal charging.
  • 🎁【Package Includes】: 2 x Artman NP-F550 Replacement Batteries, 1 x Dual Battery Charger, 1 x Micro USB Cable and Service Card. To release out the full capacity of our battery, we suggest you do several discharge and charge cycles (like 5 times). The capacity will increase to normal capacity.
Rank No. #20
PowerTrust 1-Pack BN-VG114 Battery + LCD USB Charger for JVC BN-VG107 BN-VG107U BN-VG108U BN-VG108E BN-VG114U BN-VG121U BN-VG138U BN-VG138 Camcorder Batteries
  • Designed for BN-VG114 Batteries. Capacity:1780mAh * Voltage:3.6V. Prefect for travel and home use, Portable and convenient to carry.
  • Compatible Models: for JVC BN-VG107/BN-VG107U/BN-VG107US JVC BN-VG114/BN-VG114U/BN-VG114US JVC BN-VG121/BN-VG121U/BN-VG121US
  • Package include: 1 x Batteries, 1X LCD USB Charger. 1x USB Charger.
  • High capacity / rechargeable Li-ion battery with premium cell.Extra power for your digital video camera / camcorder.The duration of the shooting is not inferior to the original.
  • 30 Days Money Back / 2 Year Warranty. Products are CE certified, tested by manufacturer to match OEM products

Last update on 2023-07-29 / Affiliate links / Product Titles, Images, Descriptions from Amazon Product Advertising API

How Do You Buy The Best camcorders battery chargers?

Do you get stressed out thinking about shopping for a great camcorders battery chargers? Do doubts keep creeping into your mind? We understand, because we’ve already gone through the whole process of researching camcorders battery chargers, which is why we have assembled a comprehensive list of the greatest camcorders battery chargers available in the current market. We’ve also come up with a list of questions that you probably have yourself.

We’ve done the best we can with our thoughts and recommendations, but it’s still crucial that you do thorough research on your own for camcorders battery chargers that you consider buying. Your questions might include the following:

  • Is it worth buying an camcorders battery chargers?
  • What benefits are there with buying an camcorders battery chargers?
  • What factors deserve consideration when shopping for an effective camcorders battery chargers?
  • Why is it crucial to invest in any camcorders battery chargers, much less the best one?
  • Which camcorders battery chargers are good in the current market?
  • Where can you find information like this about camcorders battery chargers?

We’re convinced that you likely have far more questions than just these regarding camcorders battery chargers, and the only real way to satisfy your need for knowledge is to get information from as many reputable online sources as you possibly can.

Potential sources can include buying guides for camcorders battery chargers, rating websites, word-of-mouth testimonials, online forums, and product reviews. Thorough and mindful research is crucial to making sure you get your hands on the best-possible camcorders battery chargers. Make sure that you are only using trustworthy and credible websites and sources.

We provide an camcorders battery chargers buying guide, and the information is totally objective and authentic. We employ both AI and big data in proofreading the collected information. How did we create this buying guide? We did it using a custom-created selection of algorithms that lets us manifest a top-10 list of the best available camcorders battery chargers currently available on the market.

This technology we use to assemble our list depends on a variety of factors, including but not limited to the following:

  1. Brand Value: Every brand of camcorders battery chargers has a value all its own. Most brands offer some sort of unique selling proposition that’s supposed to bring something different to the table than their competitors.
  2. Features: What bells and whistles matter for an camcorders battery chargers?
  3. Specifications: How powerful they are can be measured.
  4. Product Value: This simply is how much bang for the buck you get from your camcorders battery chargers.
  5. Customer Ratings: Number ratings grade camcorders battery chargers objectively.
  6. Customer Reviews: Closely related to ratings, these paragraphs give you first-hand and detailed information from real-world users about their camcorders battery chargers.
  7. Product Quality: You don’t always get what you pay for with an camcorders battery chargers, sometimes less, and sometimes more.
  8. Product Reliability: How sturdy and durable an camcorders battery chargers is should be an indication of how long it will work out for you.

We always remember that maintaining camcorders battery chargers information to stay current is a top priority, which is why we are constantly updating our websites. Learn more about us using online sources.

If you think that anything we present here regarding camcorders battery chargers is irrelevant, incorrect, misleading, or erroneous, then please let us know promptly! We’re here for you all the time. Contact us here. Or You can read more about us to see our vision.

Related Post: